Diabetes Mellitus is a global health challenge with rising prevalence, and India, including Shimla, is particularly affected. Understanding community awareness of diabetes risk factors and preventive measures is crucial for informed interventions. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Shimla, India, from April to July 2023. A structured questionnaire was used to assess awareness among 400 participants regarding diabetes risk factors and preventive measures. Data were analyzed using Epi Info V7 software. Results: Participants demonstrated good awareness levels, with 89.25% correctly defining Diabetes Mellitus, 81% identifying common symptoms, and 71% recognizing risk factors. Family history (67.75%) and obesity (62.25%) awareness was notable. Lifestyle (55.25%) and physical inactivity (63%) factors were acknowledged. Complications (44%) and glycemic index (25.25%) knowledge showed room for improvement. Exercise (65.75%) and healthy body weight (63.25%) benefits were recognized. Specific preventive measures (67.25%) were well-known, but awareness of smoking/alcohol impact (48.25%), screening guidelines (30.25%), and stress management (47.5%) was moderate. Complications (35.25%) and blood sugar control (57.25%) were acknowledged. Education's role (64.75%) in reducing prevalence was recognized. Conclusion: The study reveals commendable awareness of diabetes risk factors and preventive measures in Shimla's population. Targeted interventions are needed to improve knowledge in specific areas. Public health initiatives should focus on smoking/alcohol risks, glycemic index understanding, and screening guidelines. Enhancing understanding of complications and early intervention significance is essential.