College students are adult learners who are currently faced with various challenges in education 4.0.  The MBKM curriculum policy in higher education is one of the products of education 4.0 issued by the government to give students three semesters to implement learning activities outside the campus.  This study aims to describe the phenomenon of Application of Andragogy Principles in MBKM-based Hybrid Learning at Narotama University. The method used in this study uses a mixed method which is a combination of quantitative and qualitative approaches. The subjects and objects of this research are students who are implement MBKM lecture activities at Narotama University. Data collection techniques used in this study were documentation, observation and questionnaire.  The results of this study show that self-concept, accumulated experience, readiness to learn, haste to utilize learning outcomes, ownership of experience and digital-based learning abilities are andragogy principles that are realized by students as adult learners throughout the course of Hybrid Learning through MBKM-based (Elina) at Narotama University.  Another important finding related to the principles of andragogy realized by students is the decreasing level of learning effectiveness because Elina as a hybrid-based MBKM learning medium at Narotama University does not involve mental and physical activities so that it has an impact on student learning motivation as adult learners.

The ideas of a world-famous novel with its mysticism and terror can be difficult to swallow when seen on the surface. However, the thoughts of Mary Shelley are immediately known when the text has been understood in a contrapuntal light. In light of colonialism, the question of colonialism arose. In the English canon, Frankenstein takes on a much deeper meaning. It's not the novel that is limited to wonderful stories on holiday; no, instead, it reveals the issues in both colonized and colonizer people's minds. This story is intertwined in the structure of our times and not in a far-flung world. Frankenstein is a story that challenges the convictions and ideologies of a whole world and culture. This article will explain appeared and conventions of colonial literature also, including Victor Frankenstein and Lavenza and monster.

The current paper deals with offer as a speech act in both English and Arabic. It aims at finding out the basic pragmatic components of speech acts underlying the structure of offer used in English and Arabic. It also aims at explicating the pragmatic strategies of offer in English and Arabic. To achieve the aims of the study, it is hypothesized that: Speech acts are the basic pragmatic components underlying the structure of offer used in English and Arabic. Indirectness is the most common pragmatic strategy used to express offer in English and Arabic. Accordingly, the steps adopted to fulfill the aims of the study are as follows: 1. Conducting a survey of the literature written about offer in English and Arabic. 2. Presenting a theoretical part that analyses the speech act of offer in English and Arabic.

In view of the growing concern for adoption of innovative pedagogy by technical teachers, this paper focused on needs analysis of technical college teachers for effective integration of innovative teaching practices at secondary level of Vocational Education and Training (VET) in Enugu State, Nigeria. The study explored college teachers and students views to ascertain how technical education is taught as well the teachers’ skill needs for integrating innovative pedagogy in the teaching and learning process. The study adopted a mixed method research design. Specifically, the needs analysis adopted the following steps: a survey of VET teachers using needs assessment questionnaire, VET teachers’ interview guide, college students’ interview guide and lesson observations. Measurement tool was implemented by having VET teachers and students respond to these instruments. The data collected were analysed using mean, frequency, percentages and charts. Findings of the study revealed that VET teachers are predominantly using discussion, demonstration, textbook reading and field trips as against innovative teaching practices like industry-based learning, couching, simulation, blended and flipped learning that promote learner-centeredness. Findings of the study attributed among others over dependency on the use of traditional teaching to inadequate ICT skills and poor knowledge of new and emerging vocational pedagogies.

The current research means studying (the abstract trend in nanotechnology art), as the study dealt with the concept of nano art, which has become the subject of modern science and the focus of its most important interest in most fields. Where the new technological moment is reflected in a new artistic system and movement. The current research consisted of the methodological framework of the research, including the research problem, its importance and the need for it, the goal of the research and the identification of scientific terms. With the forms of abstract thinking that characterize the human mind and to what extent have the various works of (Art of Na’i) been able to give the tendency of an abstract dimension and show the importance of secondary art technology and its role in transformations at the level of taste and reception in art technology. The (theoretical framework) consisted of two sections, the first topic (human tendency towards abstraction) and the second topic (nanotechnology). From the research community and the available technical models, as three models were selected and following the descriptive approach in business analysis, based on the indicators that resulted from the theoretical framework in analyzing the research sample and dealing with the most important results, conclusions, recommendations and suggestions for the research.

Language theory developments (grammar rules) share a number of concepts which show a fundamental change from conventional, intractable language descriptions: Concentrating on several discrete laws of grammar or on a variety of structural trends has led to further unitism. A robust overview of the explanatory vocabulary based on sound acquisition theory. Chomsky's universal grammar principle was the welcome. From a different angle he achieved in considering elements of vocabulary. He seems to be in an additional role. The objective of this essay is to prove such a point that this hypothesis not only depends on some of them. Each one has the feeling of understanding and integrating elements of the other if the vocabulary to be attained is fully accountable.

We study the factors affecting the academic performance of 57 Students from nine (9) subjects of Art stream of a small government college Lawngtlai using the ordered probit method. Classified exercises, which have been shown to have an impact not apparent in previous work, have had a positive effect here. A major contribution of the study was its analysis for different subgroups: Male and female. A higher teacher's grade point average and experience level also have a positive effect on learning outcomes.

Objective: This research was intended to develop the Research-Based Learning (RBL) model of teaching activities framework integrated with the STEM approach, namely designing the Indonesian Batik motifs as Traditional Cultural Heritage to improve the student historical literacy. Methods:The method used was narrative qualitative on developing the research-based learning activities framework integrated with the STEM approach. Findings: The results were listed on a table of stages 1-6, in which each stage unraveled the learning activities in designing Batik motifs using JBatik Software under implementation Research Based Learning Model of teaching with STEM approach. Conclusion: The main result of these research is about activity framework of RBL model of teaching integrated with STEM approach: The STEM activity in designing batik motifs using JBatik Software to increase student historical literacy in the form of stages 1-6 and their learning activities. The development of the test instrument framework related to student historical literacy also included in this research activity.

This article focuses on the needs and significance of research in professional counseling to advance the newly emerging counseling profession and specifically help counselor educators enhance their rigorous research scholarship and publications. One of this article's major and rare highlights is emphasizing the strategies for creating a positive and productive research culture through comprehensive collaborations and new initiatives. Moreover, both theoretical and practical aspects and components of rigorous research scholarship of counselor education are presented in this article.

Community Learning Center (CLC) managers in East Java, Indonesia, lack a strong vision, mission and commitment to organizational development. The manager's limited insight in managing institutions and managing adult learning and mastery of managerial competencies. This study aimed to examine and analyze the condition of the managerial competence of CLC managers, describe the application of the functional training model and determine the effectiveness of the functional training model in strengthening the managerial competence of CLC managers. The data collection method used an experiment with a one-short study quantitative approach. The data collection technique uses tests, interviews, observations and documentation. The analysis technique uses the Pre-Experimental design type. There were no control variables in this study and the samples were randomly selected, so the design form used was one group pretest-posttest. The research findings show that the average managerial competence increased (2.48) and the average score increased from (7.16) to (9.64), with a lower standard deviation from (2.75) to (2.16). The value of the standard deviation and the smaller the variance value, the better, meaning that the distribution is more homogeneous. The application of the functional training model is very effective in strengthening managerial competence for CLC managers, as evidenced by the results of the t-test that the t-count value is (-14,218) with a Sig-2 tailed value <0.05, meaning that there is a difference in the results of the pretest and posttest, which proves there is a significant relationship. There is a significant difference between the functional training model and the strengthening of the managerial competence of CLC managers. Recommendation: CLC managers must receive competency training, especially managerial competence.

Conjecturing thinking skill is a predicting skill obtained from the pattern recognition of the phenomenon of mathematical or real life problems. In this study, we will analyze conjecturing students' thinking skills. Conjecture skills assessments (pre-test and post-test), documentation, interviews and observations were employed in this mixed-method study, which integrates the qualitative and quantitative methods. We assess students' conjecturing thinking skills under the implementation of the research-based learning with a STEM approach to develop the students combinatorial thinking skills. The research subjects are mathematics education students at the University of Jember, divided into control and experimental classes. The results show that the significance value of the homogeneity test on the pre-test items was 0.362>0.05, it indicates that the two classes are homogeneous. The independent sample t-test was 0.000<0.05. It implies that the implementation of research-based learning with a STEM approach can improve the students' conjecturing thinking skill in solving r-dynamic vertex coloring problems.