The Utility of Maternal Serum Amyloid a in the Prediction of Preterm Birth in Symptomatic Women
Background: Preterm birth affects about 15 million births around the world and is still a big problem in obstetrics. Maternal serum amyloid A associated with inflammatory response and has an essential role in acute phase reaction. Aim: To determine the maternal serum amyloid A level in women with threatened preterm labor and its rule in prediction of preterm birth. Patients and methods: A prospective case-control study, conducted at Azadi Teaching Hospital in Kirkuk, Iraq, spanned for nine months from February to October 2023.It included 90 pregnant women aged 17-43 years (with singleton pregnancies between 24-36+6days weeks and intact membranes) presented with symptoms & sign of threatened preterm labor. Participants were categorized according to their fate into the preterm birth group (n:45) consisting of pregnant women who had preterm birth and the term control group (n:45) consisting of preterm pregnant women who continued their pregnancy and delivered at term. Women with multiple pregnancies, uterine or cervical abnormalities and signs of systemic infection were excluded from the study. serum amyloid A levels were measured using ELISA kit. All Pregnant women were admitted for observation and followed up until birth. Results: Mothers of preterm births exhibited a significantly younger age, higher rate of primparity, history of previous preterm delivery and miscarriage compared to the term group. Preterm births have significantly lower Apgar scores, birth weight and higher NICU admission. Serum amyloid A levels were elevated in preterm compared to term group, with cut-off value at 0.69 ng/ml being (77.8%) sensitive and (71.1%) specific for preterm labor prediction. women with preterm birth demonstrated a negative correlation between serum amyloid A levels with both gestational age at delivery and birth weight. Conclusion: Women with preterm birth had elevated serum amyloid a levels which could be a promising biomarker for predicting spontaneous preterm birth.