Epidemiology of Craniotomy Epidural Hematoma in Rural Areas: A Single Center Study
Bagus Aris Madani,
Geizar Arsika Ramadhana.,
Muhammad Fahmi Salafuddin
BACKGROUND: Trauma is the most common cause of death under 45 years of age, and head injury is the most common cause of death in cases of trauma. EDH is the most common head trauma found in young adults, with an incidence range of 2.7–4% and a mortality rate of 7–12.5 percent in epidural bleeding. Prehospital time, namely the time from the accident to the patient's arrival in the emergency room, greatly determines the outcome of head-injured patients. Epidural bleeding is an emergency case with a high success rate. Patients with EDH have a mortality rate of 20–55%; with optimal diagnosis and management within a few hours, the mortality rate ranges from 5–10% METHODS This study used a retrospective descriptive design by taking medical record data of EDH patients at the Medical Record Installation who underwent craniotomy for EDH evacuation at dr. Moewardi for the period January 2020-December 2022. RESULTS 437 recorded patients with EDH who underwent surgery at Dr. Moewardi Hospital between January 2020 and December 2022. Based on the initial Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score, found 207 (47.36%) patients with Mild Brain Injury, 159 (36.38%) with Moderate Brain Injury, and 71 with Severe Brain Injury (16.24%). Post-operative outcomes of craniotomy EDH evacuation, 68 patients died (15.56%) and 369 patients lived (84.43%). CONCLUSION There were 437 patients with EDH who underwent craniotomy for EDH evacuation by surgical residents of Sebelas Maret University - Dr. Moewardi General Hospital for the period of January 2020 to December 2022. Most of the incidents occurred at the age of 30 to 50 years, with an outcome of 84% survival.