This study aims to determine the effect of operating cash flow, investment, financial and profit on stock returns of manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2016-2020 period. This study uses used data obtained through the company's financial statements. This research sample selection method used purposive sampling method, the sample of this study was 70 of 14 companies. Data analysis used descriptive statistical tests, classical hypothesis testing and multiple linear regression hypothesis testing. The results of multiple linear regression analysis show that based on the results of the t test or partial test, operating cash flow has a significant effect on stock returns, while investment cash flow funding cash flow and net profit has not a significant effect. Simultaneous test shows that operating cash flow.

Pottery is indisputably an age long tradition; rooted in man’s domesticity, housing liquid, culinary and horticulture. Interestingly, pots come in small, medium and large sizes with conical, globular, cylindrical, disk-like, rectangular and tubular forms. These forms have over the years saturated the global built space that, they require a fresh breath in Potlogo1; a budding ceramic genre, coined from pot and logo. The study aimed specifically at constructing Potlogo with the objectives of advancing its place as primus inter pares in the committee of pots in general and corporate pottery in particular. Studio experimentation and purposive sampling were the methods adopted; sourcing purposively Cable News Network (CNN) logo from the vast samples of corporate rectilinear logos, mainly for its household significance locally, nationally, continentally and globally. The studio experimentation involved downloading of CNN logo from the Internet, edit to desired scale and finally construct Potlogo. Finding consequently, established Potlogo’s multi-dimensionality and possible suitability as pavilion, porch, lobby, garden, street or public monument. Its prototype will serve as springboard for inquisitive enthusiasts. This development when fully embraced will boost corporate imaging and open new paradigm in design, vocation, production and patronage by potters, ceramists and corporations in Nigeria and globe wide.

The novel style is one of the persuasive methods of the addressee to the response of the recipient. Because it is a synthetic narrative according to a language distinguished by its literary tools, through which it is possible to be influenced and influence the hearts of the recipients, whether the recipient is a literary literate, a scientifically educated person, or a seeker of knowledge with a taste for texts according to his intellectual needs. International novels have an effect on exciting souls when reading them. Because of the dimensions it possesses of the superiority of local thought and for that, I decided to study one of the international novels that stirs the mind with its literary creativity and attractive narration. My eyes fell on my country's novel by Russian writer Rasul Gamzatov, because of its common literary pauses between prose and poetry, the writer made the creativity of his novel with two literary arts, prose and poetry to show the events of his novel and how to coexist with them to know what he tells about the life of Dagestan, the town narrated about it and the writer made it a basis for the temporal and spatial events to narrate his novel. I analyzed the novel according to the manifestations of the social approach and showed in its analysis my critical views, through which the novel can come out with another artistic horizon and this was by studying the novel in practice in the light of well-known literary studies. It was my choice of the sociological method for analyzing and studying the novel; This is due to what it contains of the events of the reality of the residents of the narrated town (Dagestan) and the statement of the social customs and traditions that characterize the inhabitants of Russia in Eastern Europe, especially the eastern villages of the town of Dagestan. The writer took the village of T. sada as a fictional model to narrate his international novel. The research showed its introduction to research knowledge and made the prelude to explaining the knowledge of the social curriculum and how it was born and presented in the beginning the concept of this critical approach and its theorists and the most famous critics who practiced it. It showed and presented the style and idea of ​​the novel using the tools of the social method and by taking texts borrowed from the novel. Then I dealt with the study and application of the social method in the whole novel. In this study, I recounted how the writer presented his novel in an elegant artistic style, using smooth, beautiful phrases. Some of the novel’s phrases were presented in the search to indicate and specify the type of event in the time and place in which the writer raised the novelistic event. I showed that the novel was formulated on two levels, the first level is the formal structure and the second level is the technical structure and from these two levels. The novel came out with its interesting artistic style; Which the writer was able to create suspense that provokes the reader, as soon as he begins to read, he becomes absorbed by events and does not leave them aside until after he finishes reading them and we explained the universality of this novel because the writer came out in the events of the novel to link it to the lives of people outside his country and how the men of Dagestan cling to their mountain traditions even if they are outside the borders of their country and the novel took interconnected external events that cannot be separated. This counts for the writer and his creative literary culture. It came out with results, including a complete knowledge of the social curriculum and how to read international novels according to its manifestations and criticism and an explanation of its methods. Although the novel was self-analyzed, it resorted to some literary sources to strengthen the analytical, critical and applied research method. Praise be to God, Lord of the Worlds.

The Inter-relationship between a regime type and its implications for governance reform and political security in Africa, Sudan in particular, is becoming visible. Of late, concern has been expressed over regime’s type, political corruption and regulations related to oil rent’s governance and distribution in a country. Hence the lack of good governance and supremacy of centralized governance’s form is growing critically important as the key understanding to shape the correlation between oil rent and elite’s corrupted manner governs oil sector in these countries. Unlike studies, which have focused only on management of oil wealth and resource conflict in Sudan, the present study tends to examine political influence of rent in the politics of Sudan. It argues that spend of oil rent to co-opt and pay off client-networks (e.g. opposites, tribal-religious leaders and Military-Security apparatus…etc), largely creates authoritarian regime system, severs political corruption and marginalizes major Sudanese also violate human right in oil production areas during the Salvation (Ingāz) regime, the period of oil exploitation and exports (1999-2019) (Sudan Oil Exploration started first in the 1959 in the north-eastern part of the Red Sea, Chevron of America, made its first discovery in 1979 in the Muglād West Sudan and Asian oil’s companies (e.g. CNPC of China & Petronas of Malaysia) finally made and started its commercial production in 1997 and exports began in 1998.) and thus, be blamed for risking stability and security in Sudan. This paper, therefore, aims to (i) prove the relationship between oil rent distribution, spending policies and regime’s system in Sudan. (ii) examine how spending of oil rent in proactive manner to bay off establishing Patronage- network had strengthened, prolonged ex- regime, created military dictatorship governance model and threaten fragile peace also violated human right. (iii) Symbolize an effective governance model for optimal distribution policy governing oil sector. Uses qualitative –content technique to collect, analyze gathered data, the paper shows that, placing of democratic- devolution and developmental, governance model will help to restore peace, security and reform governance, oil sector during the transitional- period, following a successful revolution forcibly evicted Salivation authoritarian regime on April 2019.

This study aims to analyze the Regency/City local budget in North Sumatra in terms of the ratio of regional financial independence. The data used in this study is secondary data in the form of Budget Realization Reports (LRA) for 33 district/city governments in North Sumatra province for 2018-2020, obtained from the official website of the Directorate General of State Fiscal Balance (DJPK). The data analysis technique used descriptive financial ratio analysis. The results of this study reveal that it can be seen that the level of regional independence in the province of North Sumatra is very low when viewed from the average of 33 regencies/cities, which is 8.88%. If it is related to the relationship pattern and the level of regional independence, the level of independence of the regency/city regional government in North Sumatra province is classified in the very low independence category with an instructive relationship pattern. Regency/city regional government in North Sumatra province.