Effects of different preservation methods on the proximate composition of some smoked marine fishes (Ethmalosa fimbriata- Bonga; Pseudotolithus enlongatus- Croaker; Mugil cephalus –Mullet and Lutjanus goreensis –Red Snapper)  smoked with Improved NIOMR and Half Drum Kilns were carried out. The fishes were purchased from Creek Road Market in Port Harcourt.  Each of the four fish species was randomly assigned to the two kilns in a completely randomized design replicated thrice. The smoked fish samples were stored in three different ways at room temperature, refrigeration and deep freezing. .The Stored fish samples were analyzed for proximate composition such as moisture content, crude protein, crude fat and total ash using standard methods. The  results obtained indicated that different storage methods used in this study significantly (p<0.05) affected the level of proximate, composition of the fish with good and acceptable values obtained in the fish preserved under room temperature. 

Medicinal herbs have been successfully used as an alternative to chemotherapy as disease preventive and curative measuresin aquaculture.  The aim of this study wasfirst to evaluate the effects of short and long term feeding of Perseaamericanasupplementeddiet on plasma antioxidant levels of Clariasgariepinusbefore K. pneumoniae infectionand secondly to evaluate the prophylactic effect of the diet on plasma antioxidant levels of C. gariepinusafter K. pneumoniaeinfection. One hundred and fifty (150) C. gariepinussub-adults were treated in triplicate design (10 fish/tank; 30 fish/treatment) toP.americanasupplemented diets at 0, 3, 6, 9, 12%inclusion levels for 12 weeks.  After eight (8) weeks of feeding, the experimental fish were exposed to multiple infections with K. pneumoniaevia interperitoneal injection once a week for 4 weeks. Blood samples were taken at weeks 4, 8 and 12 and analysed for antioxidants: catalase (CAT), glutathione (GHS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione-s-transferase (GST) and lipid peroxide (LPO). The result showed a statistically significant treatment effect in all antioxidants measured apart from CAT and GSH in weeks 4 and 8.  At week 12 (after K. pneumonia infection, AKPI),antioxidant level was highest in the control compared to the other treatments.  Most of the antioxidant measured showed decreased levels with increasing percentage of P. americana in experimental diets (i.e., 0>3>6>9>12%).  Also, there were significant time dependent difference at week 12 (AKPI) compared to weeks 4 and 8 in most of the treatments for all antioxidant measured. Only the 9% supplemented diet treatment did not show statistical time dependent differences in week 12 (AKPI) compared to week 4 or week 8 for GSH, SOD and LPO.In conclusion,short and long term feeding ofP. americanaexperimental diettoC.gariepinusdid not induce stress, and P. americanais a good prophylacticherbs forK. pneumonia with the 9% P. americanasupplementeddiet showing the best prophylactic effect.