Empowering Women in District Chamba, Himachal Pradesh: A Comprehensive Assessment of Breast Cancer Warning Signs Awareness and Self-Examination Practices among Reproductive-Age group Women
Background: Breast cancer poses a significant health challenge globally, particularly in India, where it ranks as the most prevalent cancer among women. District Chamba in Himachal Pradesh reflects the broader complexities faced by women in accessing timely information and resources related to breast health. This study aims to comprehensively assess awareness of breast cancer warning signs and self-examination practices among reproductive-age women in District Chamba. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted from August to October 2023 in District Chamba, Himachal Pradesh. The study included 400 women of reproductive age residing in the district for at least 12 months. A Google Form questionnaire, comprising socio-demographic and breast health knowledge questions, was employed. Data were analyzed using Epi Info V7, and knowledge scores were categorized as very good, good, fair, or poor. Results: Of the 400 participants, 40.75% were from urban areas, and 59.25% were from rural areas. While 64.5% could name three common breast cancer warning signs, gaps in knowledge were evident, with 44.75% aware of global breast cancer prevalence. Notably, 50.25% reported performing breast self-examinations. Knowledge scores revealed 24.25% with very good knowledge, 30.75% with good knowledge, 29.5% with fair knowledge, and 15.5% with poor knowledge. Conclusion: The study highlights variations in breast cancer awareness among women in District Chamba, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions. Disparities in knowledge, misconceptions, and underutilization of clinical examinations and mammography underscore the necessity for context-specific awareness campaigns. The findings contribute valuable insights for developing comprehensive strategies to empower women in District Chamba with accurate knowledge and practices for early breast cancer detection.