Background: Stroke is a global public health concern associated with significant morbidity, mortality and healthcare costs. Enhancing awareness and knowledge about stroke risk factors and preventive measures is crucial to mitigate its impact. This study aims to assess the level of stroke awareness among the general public in District Shimla, a region with unique demographic and geographic characteristics. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional survey design was employed to evaluate stroke awareness among adults (N=400) residing in District Shimla. A structured Google Form questionnaire was used to collect data on sociodemographic information, stroke-related knowledge and awareness of risk factors and preventive measures. Data analysis included descriptive statistics and knowledge categorization. Results: The study revealed that 73.25% of participants accurately defined stroke and 64.25% could identify common risk factors. While 67.75% understood the link between high blood pressure and stroke, knowledge varied for factors like smoking (52%), physical inactivity (60.25%) and diabetes (58%). Preventive measures like balanced diet (63.25%), exercise (64.25%) and managing cholesterol (53%) were acknowledged. However, awareness regarding stroke symptoms (42.75%) and recommended actions during stroke (30%) indicated gaps. Overall, 25.75% demonstrated very good knowledge, 36.75% good knowledge, 25.5% fair knowledge and 12% poor knowledge. Conclusion: The study highlights a positive foundation of stroke awareness among the general public in District Shimla. While many are informed about key risk factors and preventive measures, gaps exist in understanding symptoms and appropriate actions during stroke. Tailored educational interventions are needed to address specific knowledge deficits and promote holistic stroke awareness.

Background: Thyroid disorders, including hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism, have profound implications for reproductive-age females, affecting physiological processes and overall well-being. Awareness of thyroid health is crucial for addressing potential complications in this population. This study aims to assess knowledge levels and awareness regarding thyroid disorders among reproductive-age females in District Shimla, India. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted from April 2023 to July 2023 in District Shimla. A validated Google Form questionnaire was used to gather socio-demographic information and assess knowledge related to thyroid disorders. Data from 400 participants were analyzed using descriptive statistics and knowledge levels were categorized as very good, good, fair and poor. Results: Among 400 participants (74.75% urban, 25.25% rural), the study revealed varying knowledge levels. Participants demonstrated satisfactory knowledge (60.75%) about the differences between hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism. Awareness of the main thyroid hormone and its role was noted in 54.25% of participants. Common symptoms of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism were recognized by 55% and 35.75% of participants, respectively. While 57.5% understood the importance of regular thyroid function testing, only 25% comprehended the role of thyroid-stimulating hormone in thyroid disorders. Conclusion: This study underscores the need for targeted awareness campaigns to enhance knowledge about thyroid disorders among reproductive-age females in District Shimla. While foundational knowledge exists, gaps in understanding risk factors, hormonal dynamics and alternative treatments were observed. Addressing these gaps through education and community interventions can contribute to better thyroid health outcomes in this vulnerable population.

Background: Breast cancer is a growing global health concern, particularly in India, where it is the most common cancer among women. Early detection through breast cancer screening is crucial for improving treatment outcomes. However, awareness and knowledge about breast cancer screening practices, especially in regions like Himachal Pradesh, influence screening utilization. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Himachal Pradesh between May and July 2023 among reproductive-age females. A sample of 400 participants was selected and a structured questionnaire assessed awareness and knowledge regarding breast cancer screening. Data were analyzed using Epi Info V7 Software. Results: The study revealed varying levels of awareness and knowledge among participants. While 84.75% understood what breast cancer is, only 33.25% could name two screening methods. Knowledge regarding mammography frequency and recommended starting age was low (25% and 24.25%, respectively). Nevertheless, participants demonstrated awareness of the importance of clinical breast examinations (49%) and breast self-examinations (50.5%). Approximately 68.25% recognized common breast cancer signs and symptoms. Myths persisted, with 47% believing that all breast lumps are cancerous. Cultural and social factors influencing screening decisions were acknowledged by 26.25%. Government and community programs were known to 26.75%, while 29.5% understood how rural women could access screening. Importantly, 66% recognized the role of early detection in successful treatment. Conclusion: This study unveils a diverse landscape of breast cancer screening awareness and knowledge among women in Himachal Pradesh. While some aspects are well-understood, knowledge gaps exist, highlighting the need for targeted awareness campaigns and improved access to screening facilities, particularly in rural areas. Addressing myths and misconceptions is essential to enhance accurate knowledge. Increasing awareness and knowledge can contribute to early detection, improved treatment outcomes and reduced breast cancer burden.