Objectives: (1)To analyze the needs for the development of a Department Selection Assessment Instrument at SMKN 1 Tana Toraja.(2)To design a prototype of the Department Selection Assessment Instrument at SMKN 1 Tana Toraja.(3)To produce a Department Selection Assessment Instrument at SMKN 1 Tana Toraja that is suitable for use.Method: This study uses the Research and Development (R&D) approach, adopting the 4D development model. Results:(Define) The needs analysis (need assessment) reveals that the widespread cases of incorrect department selection are due to peer influence, parental choice, and lack of information, which subsequently lead to academic stress, decreased motivation to learn, low cumulative GPA, department switching, and even transferring schools. Generally, the methods used in previous studies to assist prospective vocational students and schools with department selection focus on aligning students’ talents with the chosen department. However, various sources recommend considering both talents and interests for vocational students. Therefore, the developed product is more comprehensive as it accommodates both talents and interests. (Design) The prototype design aims to measure "the interests and talents of prospective vocational students (grade IX SMP) according to the available vocational programs (departments) at SMKN 1 Tana Toraja." Measurement domains/dimensions include(1)Measuring interest:(a) Student's interest in learning (b) Interest in pursuing further studies(c) Interest in choosing a department. (2) Measuring the basic understanding of prospective vocational students (grade IX SMP) regarding the vocational programs available at SMKN 1 Tana Toraja, which include:(a) Automotive Engineering/Light Vehicle Engineering (TKR) (b) Welding Engineering (c) Audio-Video Engineering (Electronics) (d) Electrical Power Installation Engineering (TITL) (e)Computer and Network Engineering (TKJ) (f) Design, Modelling, and Building Information Engineering (DPIB) (g) Construction and Housing Engineering.(Develop) The Department Selection Assessment Instrument at SMKN 1 Tana Toraja is considered "suitable" for use because it meets all required criteria, including content validation by experts, analysis of responses from prospective vocational students (grade IX SMP), validity testing, reliability testing, and CFA testing during small and large group trials. (Disseminate) The final product has been packaged into a user guidebook with an attractive presentation.

Genome assembly is a critical process in bioinformatics, where short DNA sequences (reads) are pieced together to reconstruct an organism's genome. As sequencing technologies generate vast amounts of data, the need for effective computational methods to assemble these reads has grown. Two prominent graph theory-based approaches—the overlap graph and the Hamiltonian path approaches—offer different strategies for this task. This study focuses on the construction and decoding aspects of these graph-based methods, providing a comparative analysis of their effectiveness in genome assembly. This research will explore the intricacies of constructing and decoding these graphs, examining how each approach handles challenges such as repetitive sequences, sequencing errors, and varying read lengths. The construction phase will be analysed in terms of computational efficiency, focusing on the algorithms used to build the graphs and the preprocessing required to manage large datasets. The decoding phase will be evaluated based on the accuracy of the assembled genome, considering factors like contiguity (N50), error rates, and the ability to resolve complex genomic regions. A key aspect of this research is the comparison of the decoding strategies used in both approaches. For the overlap graph approach, the focus will be on greedy algorithms that iteratively connect reads with the best overlaps. The Hamiltonian path approach, on the other hand, will be examined through the lens of heuristic and approximation algorithms designed to tackle its inherent computational complexity. This research will be supported by practical experiments using real-world sequencing data, allowing for a detailed evaluation of how each method performs under different conditions. The research will also consider the scalability of these approaches, particularly in the context of emerging sequencing technologies that produce longer and more accurate reads. Ultimately, this thesis aims to provide a clear understanding of the trade-offs involved in the construction and decoding of overlap graphs and Hamiltonian paths for genome assembly. By focusing on the graph theory aspects of these methods, the research will offer insights into their strengths and limitations, guiding the selection of the most appropriate approach for different genomic challenges. The findings will contribute to the ongoing development of more efficient and accurate genome assembly techniques, with potential applications in a wide range of biological and medical research.

This research is concerned with studying the face and mask in the performance of the theatrical actor, meaning the transformation from the real face of the actor to the mask of the non-material character through expressions and sensory and motor transitions, in order to distinguish between the actor and the character represented on the stage, and this is specific to the Iraqi actor. The research is divided into four chapters, and the first chapter came to define the research problem, which was defined by the following question: How can the Iraqi actor overcome the duality of the face and the mask in the transformations of his performance through the emotion of the actor and the character? It also included the importance of the research by considering it another preliminary study that complements other scientific, artistic and academic studies, as well as benefiting students and workers in the theatrical field, and the objectives of the research that were based on identifying the duality of the face and the mask and its transformations in the performance of the Iraqi actor. The research included in the second chapter two topics on the concept of face and mask in theater and the other on the transformations between face and mask in theater, and the play (Al-Hussein Now) directed by Aqil Mahdi was chosen intentionally as an analytical model and reached a number of results through it in the fourth chapter in addition to the conclusions.

Negritude is commonly defined as the affirmation of the values of the black race which embodies the recognition of the culture of black people around the world as well as the existence of black civilization. As a literary movement which is heavily criticized, the Negritude movement was born from the encounter of three black scholars in Paris Léopold Sédar SENGHOR, Aimé CÉSAIRE and Léon Gontras DAMAS who through their struggle to end European colonization, racism and discrimination that derived from the colonial domination, strive to unite their strengths and give a powerful voice to colonized blacks who’s past, culture and civilization were erased for centuries back. This new black consciousness coupled with the negritude expectations and gave birth to a sense of identity which later culminated to the birth of many African nations’ political independence. This study aims at showing the literary and political career of SENGHOR as one of the outstanding Senegalese poets in the 20th century. This is also an attempt to show how Léopold Sédar SENGHOR’s concept of Négritude evidences the revival of African cultural values as well as to promote black people’s identity and personality.

The cellular phone age is arrived. Use of these medications is not "quite" safe if one does not know the risks involved, which may include cancer and other health problems. There are studies available on the malignancies generated by electromagnetic energy from mobile phones; nevertheless, more study is necessary on the negative physical and psychological ramifications, especially on heavy users such as college students. The goal of this research was to learn how much professional course students at urban institutions use their mobile phones and how it affects their mental health. Elements and processes: High school and college students from both urban and rural locations were selected at random and given a questionnaire about the impact of mobile phone usage on mental health. Results: The most common symptom reported was a headache (51.47 percent), followed by irritability (50.79) and anger (50.79%). Disorders of cognition such as apathy, poor school performance, inability to sleep, and anxiety are also common. The most frequent cell phone users are young people, thus it is important that they be made aware of the potential mental health risks associated with heavy cell phone use and encouraged to take preventative steps. This is because young people are the population that utilizes mobile phones the most. Several options have been recommended, including decreasing reliance on technology, decreasing time spent conversing, and increasing time spent messaging.

Culture shock is often encountered when visiting a different country, just like students participating in the International Credit Transfer program who face the challenge of culture shock when running the program in the Philippines. For this reason, self-adjustment efforts are needed in adapting and communicating effectively. This study aims to determine the effect of culture shock experienced by students on their academic life while attending classes in the Philippines. Data were collected using descriptive qualitative methods with a phenomenological approach, which includes observation and interviews. The participant selection method used was convenience sampling. Observation and interview data were analyzed using Miles and Hubermans’ analysis model. The results showed that students who participated in the student exchange program in the Philippines experienced culture shock. The findings of this study indicate that the causes of culture shock in students participating in student exchange programs in the Philippines are classified as internal and external factors. The impact of culture shock on students of the student exchange program in the Philippines has been in the final stage of culture shock and successfully passed the previous three stages as evidenced by the cultural adaptation actions taken by students of the International Credit Transfer program in the Philippines.

ABSTRACT:

This research aims to analyze population and demographic changes in Iraq during the period from 2015 to 2020, based on available data analyzed in the practical aspect. This period constitutes a sensitive and crucial time frame due to the social and political transformations witnessed in Iraq. The analysis revolves around factors influencing population growth and demographic changes in Iraq during this period. The data reveals a significant increase in the population, with rising birth rates and declining death rates. This demographic shift reflects improvements in healthcare and living conditions, indicating the impact of social transformations and developments in marriage and family rates. 

Urbanization plays a substantial role in Iraq's population, influencing the geographical distribution of resources and infrastructure. Spatial analysis shows an increasing trend of population moving towards urban areas, opening doors to new challenges and opportunities in urban planning and the provision of essential services. The data also carries important insights for the future, as it can be used to predict future demographic changes and their impact on development.

Based on the results, it is recommended to direct development efforts towards achieving a balance between population and economic growth, including enhancing infrastructure and improving social services. Overall, this research contributes to clarifying the complex relationship between demographic changes and development in Iraq, providing a conceptual framework that can aid in strategic decision-making and achieving sustainable development in the future.