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Research Article | Volume 4 Issue 2 (July - Dec, 2024) | Pages 1 - 6
Awareness and Knowledge of Pre-Eclampsia Among the General Population in Chamba, Himachal Pradesh
 ,
1
Medical officer (Obstetrics and Gynaecology specialist) ,Civil Hospital Chowari, Chamba Himachal Pradesh.
2
Senior Resident, PEDIATRICS, Pt JLNGMC Chamba, Himachal Pradesh.
Under a Creative Commons license
Open Access
Received
Aug. 9, 2024
Revised
Sept. 21, 2024
Accepted
Oct. 17, 2024
Published
Nov. 22, 2024
Abstract

Background: Pre-eclampsia, a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy, is a major contributor to maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality worldwide, particularly in low-resource settings. This study aims to evaluate public awareness, knowledge, and understanding of pre-eclampsia among the general population of Chamba to identify gaps and inform health education initiatives.Materials & Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted among 400 participants from Chamba district over three months (August–October 2024). A pre-validated structured questionnaire was used to collect data, encompassing socio-demographic details and 20 multiple-choice and true/false questions assessing knowledge of pre-eclampsia symptoms, risk factors, complications, and preventive measures. Data were collected through online and in-person surveys and analyzed using Microsoft Excel and Epi Info V7. Knowledge scores were categorized as very good (>80% correct), good (60–79%), fair (41–59%), and poor (<40%).Results: The study revealed a gender-balanced population (54% females, 46% males) with the majority aged 26–35 years (34%). Educational levels ranged from no formal education (12%) to postgraduate degrees (9.5%), and 64.5% of participants were rural residents. Awareness levels were promising in areas such as identifying pre-eclampsia as a hypertensive disorder (74%) and recognizing the importance of blood pressure monitoring during pregnancy (79.5%). However, knowledge gaps were evident regarding proteinuria as a diagnostic criterion (61%) and preventive roles of lifestyle changes (64%) and calcium supplements (59.5%). Knowledge scores showed that 24% had very good awareness, 34% had good awareness, 30% had fair knowledge, and 12% demonstrated poor understanding.Conclusion: This study highlights foundational awareness of pre-eclampsia in Chamba but identifies significant gaps in technical knowledge and preventive strategies. Community-centered educational initiatives focusing on improving understanding of risk factors, diagnostic criteria, and preventive measures are critical for empowering individuals and enhancing maternal health outcomes. 

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