Background: The study was conducted to evaluate the association between Central Macular Thickness (CMT) & Duration of diabetes in Patients of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus present at Ophthalmology OPD of Tertiary Care center. Material & methods: This was a cross-sectional study on type 2 diabetes patients conducted in the department of ophthalmology, Indira Gandhi Medical College Shimla (H.P) for a period of one year. Patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were interviewed regarding the duration of diabetes mellitus and treatment history. A complete ophthalmologic examination including Central Macular Thickness (CMT) was performed to all patients. Results: A total of 260 eyes from 130 patients (87 males, 43 females; mean age 56.88±8.26 years) were included in this study. The mean duration of DM was 8.87±2.34 years (range, 1-25 years). In the present study, CMT in right eye ranged from 189–751 μm with mean value of 260.41±101.66. CMT in left eye ranged from 180–561 μm with mean value of 255.69±88.89. A statistically significant and positive correlation was observed between CMT in right eye and duration of diabetes (ANOVA test; p = 0.000). A statistically significant and positive correlation was also observed between CMT in left eye and duration of diabetes (ANOVA test; p = 0.009). Conclusion: Present study concluded that there was statistically significant and positive correlation between CMT and duration of diabetes in both eyes among Patients of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus present at Ophthalmology OPD.

Background: The study was conducted to evaluate the correlation between Central Macular Thickness (CMT) and Best Corrected Visual Acuity (BCVA) in Patients of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus present at Ophthalmology OPD of Tertiary Care center. Material and methods: This was a cross-sectional study on type 2 diabetes patients conducted in the department of ophthalmology, Indira Gandhi Medical College Shimla (H.P) for a period of one year. Patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were interviewed regarding the duration of diabetes mellitus and treatment history. A complete ophthalmologic examination including Central Macular Thickness (CMT) and Visual Acuity were performed to all patients. Results:  A total of 260 eyes from 130 patients (87 males, 43 females; mean age 56.88±8.26 years) were included in this study. The mean duration of DM was 8.87±2.34 years (range, 1-25 years). In the present study, CMT in right eye ranged from 189–751 μm with mean value of 260.41±101.66. CMT in left eye ranged from 180–561 μm with mean value of 255.69±88.89.  Among 130 study subjects best corrected visual acuity of right eye was 6/9 or better in 68.5% (n = 89), between 6/12–6/24 in 20.0% (n = 26), between 6/36–6/60 in 8.5% (n = 11) and worse than 6/60 in 3.1% (n = 4). Best corrected visual acuity of left eye was 6/9 or better in 67.7% (n = 88) subjects, between 6/12–6/24 in 20.8% (n = 27), between 6/36–6/60 in 7.7% (n = 10) and worse than 6/60 in 3.8% (n = 5). Increased CMT in right eye significantly correlated with decreased best corrected visual acuity in the same eye which was found to be statistically significant with a ‘p’ value of <0.01. Increased CMT in left eye significantly correlated with decreased best corrected visual acuity in the same eye which was found to be statistically significant with a ‘p’ value of <0.01. Conclusion: Present study concluded that Increased CMT was significantly correlated with decreased BCVA in both eyes among Patients of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus present at Ophthalmology OPD.