iarjmsIARJMSIARJMS2708-359410.47310/iarjms.2024.v05i02.012Prophylactic Antibiotics in Thyroid Surgery in Tikrit Emergency HospitalAnmarIdrisRafikJamalAbbasLatifM.B.CH.B F.I.C.M.S. Kirkuk Health Directorate, IraqF.I.C.M.S. Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Tikrit University, IraqBackground: Thyroidectomy is a common general surgical procedure involving a class 1 surgery(clean). Although the procedure requires a small surgical incision and a short duration, however, doctors still have misgivings prophylactic antibiotic( PA) about infection events. the use of antibiotics is connected to higher costs, resistance and risks of adverse effect(AE) on the patients. Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether prophylactic antibiotics are necessary in clean thyroid surgery, to explore ways to reduce the cost and potential adverse effects of antibiotic use, and to identify any risk factors that may contribute to surgical site infections (SSI).Patients and methods: A total of 112 patients were involved in this an interventional clinical trial comparative study that's carried over a period of 12 months from 1-12-2021 to 1-12 2022 at Tikrit Emergency hospital, 13 patients was male and 99 patients was female. they are divided in to two groups, group A received prophylactic antibiotic while group B dose not. 3rd generation cephalosporin (ceftriaxone) 1g, one time daily for 1 day was used as prophylactic antibiotic. Results: The thyroid surgery is class1 surgery (clean surgery) performed under conditions of sterility, so prophylactic antibacterial therapy may not be required. I recommended that the routine using of pre-operation antibiotic is not needed unless risky patients ( elderly patient, chronic disease, male gender etc) undergoing thyroidectomy.