iarjmsIARJMSIARJMS2708-3594https://doi.org/10.47310/iarjms.2023.v04i02.023Palpebral cutaneous leishmaniasis simulating a chalazion: Case reportZ.HazilI.HassnaouiS.HassinaL.SeghiniE.AbdellahA.BerrahoDepartment of Ophthalmology B, Rabat Specialty Hospital, CHU ibn Sina, Mohammed V Souissi University Rabat, MoroccoCutaneous leishmaniasis is a parasitic ulcerative disease caused by a flagellate protozoan of the genus Leishmania. It is a parasitosis that can cause both cutaneous and visceral damage. Palpebral localization is relatively rare. Morocco remains one of the endemic countries for the disease, with three main types of leishmaniasis: cutaneous; cutaneomucosal; and visceral, which is the most serious but rarest form of the disease. There are two clinical forms of palpebral leishmaniasis: 1. The dry form, in the form of a slightly indurated, highly pruritic papule. 2. The wet form is more widespread in rural areas. Curative treatment includes classical therapies such as antimony-derived products, while modern drugs are more numerous, less harmful and have similar effects. Arabinogalactan, rifampicin, allopurinol, metronidazole and amphotericin B are just a few examples. Electrocoagulation, cryoapplication, surgical excision and intralesional infiltration are used for local treatment.