iarjmsIARJMSIARJMS2708-359410.47310/iarjms.2022.v03i02.014Arteriovenous Fistula Creation for Renal Dialysis: Early and Long-term OutcomesAhmedFraidoon MaaroofBarznjiBasharHannaAzarHewranAnwarSafaAlMukhtar(M. B. Ch. B), Erbil, Iraq(MBChB F.I.C.M.S, Consultant Thoracic & Cardiovascular Surgeon, Senior Lecturer HMU – College of Medicine), Erbil, IraqErbil, IraqBackground:Arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is the most useful vascular access for patients on regular hemodialysis (HD), and improved early outcome translates to reduced morbidity for this group of patients and the early detection of late outcomes with early management can prolong the quality of life in these patients. Aim of the study: The aim of this study is to find out the clinical outcome of patients who undergo arteriovenous fistula creation, following this procedure in regard to functionality and failure. Objective: (1) Identify the socio-cultural characteristic of patients enrolled in this study. (2) Determine the different sites for fistula and their success rate. (3) Clarify the outcome of AVF according to gender and time of follow up. (4) Determine the association between types of arterio-venous fistula and its outcome. (5) Find the association between risk factors and chronic diseases and the outcome of AVF. Method: 85 patients were enrolled in this cross-sectional study, those who underwent arteriovenous fistula creation in Hawler Teaching Hospital, ECC Erbil Cardiac Center and Rizgary Teaching Hospitals were screened clinically and radiologically in the radiology units in the respective hospitals for the study purposes, a P value of < 0.05 was regarded as statistically significant.Results: More than one quarter of cases were between 60-69 years of age, but the functionality of outcome was more in the 50-59 years age group. More than half of the cases were from Erbil city, left radio cephalic enc-side AVF creates most of the patients ( males were more), followed by left brachiocephalic end-side (females were more), near 75% of cases were functional, 15% Failure and 9% died, hypertension was the main risk factor for AVF failure followed by Diabetes mellitus, Thrombosis was the main cause of AVF failure followed by infection, bleeding was the least effective factor, no statistically significant association was found between most of the variables which may be due to small sample size. Conclusion: Hypertension had a role in assisting the fistulae to mature and later it yielded in thrombosis and failure, and diabetes had major impact in the outcome of the arteriovenous fistulae.