iarjmsIARJMSIARJMS2708-3594https://doi.org/10.47310/iarjms.2021.v02i02.016Retrospective Analysis of Spectrum of Neonatal Mortality in the Specialized Neonatal Care Unit (SNCU) of Kamla Nehru Hospital, ShimlaPankajKatochRakeshSharmaAmbikaSoodDeepakSharmaBackground: Every year, millions of newborn babies die in the first month of life. It is important to study the mortality and morbidity pattern as it helps to implement new treatment protocols, interventions, planning and policy making which helps in better survival and improvement in the quality of life among survivors. This study was undertaken to study the disease pattern and outcome of neonates admitted to the sick neonatal intensive care unit (SNCU) of Kamla Nehru Hospital Shimla district of Himachal Pradesh, India. Methods: Retrospective review of   five years medical records of all neonates admitted to the Specialized Neonatal Care Unit of Kamla Nehru Hospital, Shimla covering the period January 2016 to December 2020 was conducted. The most important causes of mortality and its related factors were analyzed. Results: A total of 6607 neonates were admitted in the SNCU of Kamla Nehru Hospital Shimla in 5 years from Jan 2016 to Dec 2020.Among them 5593 (84.65%) were discharged after recovery, 313(4.74%) were referred to higher institution, 335(5.07%) were left against medical advice and 366(5.54%) were died in SNCU. Among  the total of 366 neonatal death maximum 115(31.42%) were due to Respiratory distress syndrome, followed by 93(25.41%) due to sepsis/Pneumonia/Meningitis,69(18.85%) due to HIE/Moderate-severe Birth Asphyxia, 35(9.56%) due to prematurity, 27(7.38%) due to other causes, 23(6.28%) due to major congenital malformation and 4(1.09%) due to Meconium aspiration syndrome. Conclusion: In the present study, Respiratory distress syndrome, Neonatal sepsis, Pneumonia, Meningitis, Birth Asphyxia and Prematurity are leading causes of mortality in newborns. Government should take necessary initiative keeping in mind the difficult geographic terrain in Himachal Pradesh.