iarjmsIARJMSIARJMS2708-3594https://doi.org/10.47310/iarjms.2021.v02i01.080Anisometropic Amblyopia in Iraqi School Children, Al-Anbar ProvinceHaqiIsma'elHummadiObjective: Is to determine the prevalence of anisometropic amblyopia and associated refractive errors in a sample of school-age children in Al Anbar Province, Iraq, who are between 6 to 10 years of age. Design and Settings: This is a population-based cross-section study in Al Anbar, Iraq Moreover, 6,000 school-age children are involved, along with a team consisting of an ophthalmologist and two optometrists; they visit the school and conduct visual acuity examinations, using the E-test and refraction test, which are both auto- and -manual “with cycloplegia” for children suspected of decreased visual acuity. They do a slit lamp exam (with portable lamps), used to assess anterior segment, red reflex and lens opacity with a fundus exam to exclude pathology of the eye. Results: The prevalence rate of anisometropic amblyopia is 2.8%. There is a significant association between errors of refraction and amblyopia (p<0.002). The most common error of refraction is hypermetropia, followed by myopia and astigmatism.