iarjmsIARJMSIARJMS2708-3594https://doi.org/10.47310/iarjms.2020.v01i01.034Febrile Seizures: Presentation, Investigation, Management and Recurrence in Lebanese Children in the Interval between June 2018 and January 2020ImadeddineFarfourSalimBarakatHusseinMoussaHusseinWehbeRouwaydaDanaBassemAbou MerhiAlaa EldineFarfour Ali KansoHusseinHusseinLebanese University-Faculty of Medical Sciences, LebanonDepartment of Pediatrics, Lebanese University-Faculty of Medical Sciences, LebanonBackground: Febrile seizures (FS) are the most frequent convulsive neurological complication in young children aged between 6 months and 5 years. Patients presented to the ER with FS should be stabilized and may need hospitalization. Objective: The study aims to determine the presentation, investigation, management done, and recurrence rate of febrile seizures in a sample of patients from three Lebanese hospitals. Methods: This is a retrospective, multi-center, study conducted in three hospitals in Lebanon, using a data collection form with 60 pediatric patients recruited retrospectively between January 1st 2018 and June 1st 2019. The researchers collected demographics (gender, age) and FS (Febrile Seizure) data (Number of FS, Symptoms, and clinical findings) from medical files. Later on, parents were contacted to check about the recurrence of FS. Results: The prevalence of FS in the hospitals is 1.5% (60 FS / 4100 Pediatric cases). Among the 60 patients, 48.3% were boys and 51.7% were aged between 1 and 5 years. The top 3 FS features were fever (83.3%), otalgia (30%), and diarrhea (28.3%). Upon physical exam, 41.7% had erythematous TM, 23.3% had dehydration and 20% had rash. After investigations, 63.3% were discharged and 36.7% were admitted. After 1-year of the initial FS, 26.7% showed FS Recurrence. The multivariate analysis shows that factors predicting the FS recurrence at 1-year are: the number of the FS episodes at presentation (p = 0.001) and the duration of the seizure (p = 0.003). Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, our study is the first to examine FS patients in different Lebanese hospitals. This is a critical opportunity for the exploration of this patient population and the examination of existing management and treatment strategies. This would allow the formulation of adequate treatment modalities and preventative strategies through the elaboration of country-specific risk factors and the identification of high-risk populations.