srjmdSRJMDSRJMD2788-9467https://doi.org/10.47310/srjmd.2023.v03i02.006The Histological effect of Hydrocortisone on white mice kidneys and the therapeutic role of olive oil in themShaymaaAbd-alkaderMahdyIntroduction: this study conducted to discover the protective effect of olive oil on histopathological changes that induced by administration of hydrocortisone in the kidneys. The study was accomplished in March 1, 2022– March 30, 2022 at Animal House which belonging to college of Veterinary Medicine / University of Tikrit. Material and Methods: twenty‑five male adult white mice were distributed in four cages having 5 animals each. Distilled water was administrated to the mice of 1st control Group (G1) for 10 days. The dose of hydrocortisone was injected in the femur of animals of 2nd was 1 mg per kg per day for 10 days. 3rd group (G3) animals were injected by hydrocortisone 1 mg per kg per day for 10 days and then treated with olive oil of 20 ml per day orally for another 10 days. 4th group (G4) animals were injected by hydrocortisone 1 mg per kg per day for 10 days and in the same time treated with olive oil of 20 ml per day orally. The kidneys were taken and dissected to complete the histological examination. Results: The results of the second group showed the occurrence of rare secretions at the level of the kidney tissues exposed to hydrocortisone, where fibrosis and proliferation of fibrous cells were observed, in addition to the infiltration of inflammatory cells, with the observation of bleeding and relapse of the walls of the proximal and distal urinary tubules. As for the results of the third group, the kidney tissues showed a positive response, the disappearance of most of the histological changes, and the return of the glomeruli and urinary tubules to their near-normal position, with some damage and slight degeneration in the general tissue of the kidneys, the same was the case in the fourth group, noting that the tissue damage remained more than what was in the third group. Conclusion: Through what we obtained from the results, it became clear the negative and harmful effect of the drug hydrocortisone on the kidney tissue, and in return this study proved the therapeutic and preventive role of olive oil in the treatment of tissue damage resulting from exposure to the drug.