iarjalsIARJALSIARJALS2708-5104https://doi.org/10.47310/iarjals.2023.v04i02.077Ultrasonographical and Hormonal Study on Some Causes of Infertility in Iraqi Goats (Capra hircus)HusseinA.KhameesHusamaldeenA.AlsalimMosaF.AbbasWaelS.HameedLecturer, Division of Surgery and Theriogenology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of AL-MuthannaAssist Prof., Department of Surgery and Obstetrics, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of BasrahLecturer, Department of Surgery and Obstetrics, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of BasrahVeterinary Hospital, Thi QarThe study was designed to investigate the causes of infertility in Iraqi goats (Capra hircus) during the breeding season in Al-Muthanna province from June to November 2021. Twenty-eight infertile goats (study group) and six fertile goats (control group). All animals were examined for causes of infertility by visual inspection of the external genitalia and using transabdominal and transrectal ultrasonography. Results obtained that the most important causes diagnosed by ultrasonography were; higher percent (46.43%) of endometritis, inactive ovaries (21.42%), moderate percent (14.29%) of pyometra, (10.72%) of luteal ovarian cysts, and lower percent (7.14 %) without clear diagnostic causes. Hormonally; there is a significant increase (p<0.05) in the serum progesterone level (l34.69±11.71) in the case of luteal cysts and pyometra compared with the control group (0.93±0.28), and a significant decrease (p<0.05) in the serum estradiol level in all causes of infertility compared with the control group. In contrast, cortisol evaluation revealed a significant (p<0.05) higher level of cortisol in the case of ovarian inactivity (67.12±11.20) and luteal ovarian cysts (62.50±9.27) compared with the other cases and compared with the control group (28.79± 4.42). This study concluded that endometritis, pyometra, and hormonal disturbances (inactive ovaries and luteal ovarian cysts) form the most important causes leading to infertility in Iraqi goats (Capra hircus).