srjmcrSRJMCRSRJMCR2788-9548https://doi.org/10.47310/srjmcr.2023.v03i02.008Assessment of Auditory Function in Infants and Young ChildrenS. DhadwalS. KumariGraded Specialist, 7 Air Force Hospital, Kanpur, IndiaAssistant Professor, Department of Dermatology, IGMC, Shimla, IndiaEarly and accurate assessment of auditory function in infants and young children is essential for timely intervention in cases of hearing impairment. This review article examines the optimal approaches for evaluating auditory abilities in this age group. By delving into developmental milestones, assessment techniques, and technological advancements, the review offers a practical guide for clinicians and researchers. The review outlines key auditory milestones during infancy and early childhood, underlining their importance in selecting appropriate assessment tools. It explores non-invasive behavioral observation audiometry and visual reinforcement audiometry as effective methods for gauging auditory responses. Objective measures like otoacoustic emissions (OAEs) and auditory brainstem responses (ABRs) are discussed for their utility in identifying peripheral and central auditory issues. Advances in technology are considered, particularly the role of tele audiology and portable devices in facilitating accessible and convenient auditory assessments. Genetic testing and neuroimaging's integration is explored in cases of congenital hearing loss, emphasizing personalized diagnostic possibilities. Ethical considerations in pediatric auditory assessment are addressed, highlighting the need for patient comfort and interdisciplinary collaboration. The review provides practical insights into optimizing auditory assessment in infants and young children, enabling early intervention and fostering healthy auditory development.