iarjhssIARJHSSIARJHSS2708-6267https://doi.org/10.47310/iarjhss.2020.v01i01.021The Political Economy of the Struggle for the Land in Paraguay: The New Agrarian QuestionR.D. DanielCamposPhD, ociedad de Estudios Rurales y Cultura Popular – SER/Instituto de Post Grado en Desarrollo IPD, 2020This article is based on the need to contribute to a better understanding of the academic debate that takes place precisely through in Journals of Social Science. The Political Economy from the southern view, of the role of the peasantry for the structural change of our countries, both economically, socially, politically and ecologically based on the analysis of the national reality of the case of Paraguay. In this way, it contributes to the debate developed by Moyo, Praveen and Paris [28] about the classical agrarian question and the new agrarian question. The struggle for the land of the peasantry is analyzed to show changes in the historical role of the peasentry for the socio economic change of our peripheral countries. We ask ourselves the following research questions: Will the peasantry not be the new historical subject of change within the framework of the new agrarian question? Is not the rural road a safe road to change with equitable, sustainable, democratic development, with participatory democracy, integral sustainability with its collective vision of agroecology and solidarity economy?